Exploring the Hill Towns of Central Italy from Tuscany to Umbria

For many, the quintessence of Italy lies in the regions of Tuscany and Umbria. It was there that centuries ago, bustling towns were built on the hills for safety Today, each such city reminds us of a complex history, rich culture, and unchanging traditions. And the choice of towns on the hills is very large. Siena has retained much of its medieval spirit. The huge central square and majestic town hall are reminiscent of the times when the city rivaled even Florence. Assisi, with its walls, gates, and castle, was the birthplace of Saint Francis. Its massive basilica remains a popular destination for many pilgrims today. Volterra was the Etruscan capital centuries before the birth of Christ.

Within its ancient walls, the village center exudes authentic Tuscan charm. San Gimignano, with its sharp silhouette of towers, looks like a medieval mirage on the hill. Of the original sixty towers, about twelve have survived to this day. Once upon a time, before the emergence of a strong central government, wealthy people built such towers to protect their homes. And the state of San Marino, with its twenty- four square miles, is unique in that it is still independent. Although it seems unusual today, tiny principalities were once the norm., like most of Europe before the emergence of modern nation-states, consisted of independent city- states such as San Marino.

Many of them were simply fortified settlements on the hills. The curious traveler can still find magic in such towns. Civita di Bagnoregio, perched on a cliff above a deep canyon, is a classic, albeit small, Italian hilltop town. Entering the city, you feel like you are immersed in history. Passing under the 12th century arch, you enter another world. Every alley has its own story, especially if you ask around and talk to the locals. Let 's go, Rick. I want to show you my mill. The oil mill, run by Maurizio's father, has become the highlight of his restaurant, and he is happy to tell you how his grandfather made olive oil and how it helps create an unforgettable bruschetta. extra-virgin olive oil -and you're all set for a great

snack. Real bruschetta is simple. Enjoying a simple bruschetta is a great way to end a visit to an authentic village like Civita di Bagnoregio.